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The Problem: The operation of motor vehicles while intoxicated is a major public health problem. In 2016, roughly 10,500 people died in motor vehicle crashes involving an alcohol-impaired driver, accounting for nearly one-third of all traffic related deaths. CDC: Impaired Driving Factsheet. Approximately 6,500 (62%) of these individuals had a blood alcohol content (BAC) level of 0.08 g/dL or higher. The remaining fatalities consisted of passengers (29%) and non-passengers (9%).

The Problem: Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for many negative health outcomes. Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for cancer and other chronic conditions such as cirrhosis, and alcohol-impaired driving is one of the largest contributors to motor vehicle crashes CDC: Alcohol Use Factsheet. Each year in the United States, roughly 10,500 people die in motor vehicle crashes involving an alcohol-impaired driver.

The Problem: Head injury is the leading cause of injury and death in bicycling accidents. Survivors of crashes may face lifelong chronic complications associated with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Bicycle helmet use reduces the risk of injury by 80%, although they are underutilized by all age groups. CDC: Injury Prevention and Control.

The Problem: Youth violence is an enormous public health problem in the United States, with homicide standing as the third leading cause of death for people between the ages of 10 and 24.  CDC: Youth Violence Fast Facts. Juvenile court systems have often been criticized for inadequately deterring and poorly preventing recidivism among violent youthful offenders.  Steiner B, Hemmens C, Bell V.  Legislative W

The Problem: In 2018, the seatbelt usage rate in the U.S. was 89.6%. Seat belt usage saved an estimated 14,955 lives in 2017. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)  However, despite rising rates of safety belt use in the United States over the past 20 years, a lack of usage can lead to long-term chronic health consequences as well as death. David J. Houston and Lilliard E. Richardson, Jr.

The Problem: Tooth decay, also known as dental caries, remains a major public health problem. Though largely preventable, it is the most common chronic disease for kids aged 6 to 11 years old and teens aged 12-19 years old. . CDC Dental Caries Fact Sheet. Advanced tooth decay can cause significant pain and loss of the teeth, and can be costly to treat. CDC: Oral Health: At a Glance: 2009.

The Problem: Tobacco use is a source of chronic and fatal illnesses for users and persons with secondary exposure. Smoking is responsible for approximately 1 in 5 deaths in the United States, causing 480,000 deaths annually. Smoking increases risk for stroke by 2-4 times, coronary heart disease by 2-4 times, lung cancer by about 25 times, and lowers overall health. Quitting smoking vastly reduces risk; within 2-5 of cessation, risk of stroke drops to that of a non-smoker.

The Problem: In 2018, obesity affected 1 in 5 children and adolescents and 39.9% of adults in the U.S.. Each condition increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and some cancers. CDC: Obesity Statistics Regular physical activity reduces the risk of obesity and has many other health benefits. Yet, only half ofof adults in the United States get the recommended amount of physical activity.